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排序方式: 共有172条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Ravi V Rajkumar M 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2007,28(2):251-256
The present study reported for the first time on the effect of isopod parasite, Cymothoa indica infestation on Oxyurichthys microlepis an ecologically important gobiid fish from Parangipettai coastal environment (South-east coast of India). The loss of weight in host fishes (male 20.47 and female 32.84%) were observed due to parasitism. The weight of uninfested female fish was found to be higher than that of infested one. The calus like thickening developed on the gill arch and gill filaments of host fish due to the persistent irritation caused by the appendages of the parasite. The reduction of gill surface area was observed due to the attachment of the parasites. The maximum reduction noticed in the first gill arch is mainly due to the heavy pressure exerted by the parasite. Details of gross lesions observed in the branchial chamber, buccal cavity and body surface was enumerated. Heavy infestations of parasitic juveniles have the potential to kill small fingerlings. The swimming capacity of the fish was also found to be affected. 相似文献
52.
Choi Eunhwa Kim Seunghwan Mam Sarith Gautam Arjun Bhandari Ravi Kim Jae Young 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(6):2307-2317
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Maize straw- and rice husk-derived biochars were produced in a simple metal kiln without automated control. Their characteristics and effects on... 相似文献
53.
Kanchi S Saraswathi K Venkatasubba Naidu N 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,183(1-4):531-543
Two novel and facile ligands ammonium piperidine dithiocarbamate (Amm Pip-DTC) and ammonium morpholine dithiocarbamate (Amm Mor-DTC) were synthesized for the development of rapid and cost effective catalytic hydrogen current technique to analyze cobalt(II) in the presence of NH(4)Cl-NH(4)OH at pH 7.8 and 8.4 with Amm Pip-DTC and Amm Mor-DTC. These ligands produce catalytic hydrogen currents with Co(II) at peak potentials -1.24 V and -1.44 V vs. SCE respectively. Quantitative experimental conditions are developed by studying effect of pH, supporting electrolyte (NH(4)Cl), ligand and metal ion concentrations and effect of adverse ions on peak height to improve the sensitivity, selectivity and detection limits of the catalytic hydrogen current technique and compared it in terms of Student's t test and variance ratio f test with differential pulse polarographic (DPP) method. The developed technique was applied for the analysis of cobalt(II) in various water samples, agricultural materials and pharmaceuticals and the results obtained are in good agreement with the DPP data. 相似文献
54.
The acute toxicity of an organophosphorous pesticide, fenamiphos and its metabolites, fenamiphos sulfoxide, fenamiphos sulfone, fenamiphos phenol, fenamiphos sulfoxide phenol and fenamiphos sulfone phenol, to a cladoceran, Daphnia carinata was studied in both cladoceran culture medium and natural water collected from a local river. The toxicity followed the order: fenamiphos>fenamiphos sulfone>fenamiphos sulfoxide. The hydrolysis products of fenamiphos, F. sulfoxide (FSO) and F. sulfone (FSO(2)) (F. phenol, FSO phenol and FSO(2) phenol) were not toxic to D. carinata up to 500microgl(-1) water, suggesting hydrolysis reaction leads to detoxification. Also the toxicity was reduced in natural water compared to the cladoceran culture medium due to microbial mediated degradation of toxicants in the natural water. Fenamiphos and its metabolites were stable in both cladoceran water and filter-sterilised natural water while these compounds showed degradation in unfiltered natural water implicating the microbial role in degradation of these compounds. To our knowledge this is the first study on acute toxicity of fenamiphos metabolites to cladoceran and this study suggests that the organophosphate pesticides are highly toxic to fresh water invertebrates and therefore pollution with these compounds may adversely affect the natural ecosystems. 相似文献
55.
The use of molecular techniques to characterize the microbial communities in contaminated soil and water 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Traditionally, the identification and characterization of microbial communities in contaminated soil and water has previously been limited to those microorganisms that are culturable. The application of molecular techniques to study microbial populations at contaminated sites without the need for culturing has led to the discovery of unique and previously unrecognized microorganisms as well as complex microbial diversity in contaminated soil and water which shows an exciting opportunity for bioremediation strategies. Nucleic acid extraction from contaminated sites and their subsequent amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has proved extremely useful in assessing the changes in microbial community structure by several microbial community profiling techniques. This review examines the current application of molecular techniques for the characterization of microbial communities in contaminated soil and water. Techniques that identify and quantify microbial population and catabolic genes involved in biodegradation are examined. In addition, methods that directly link microbial phylogeny to its ecological function at contaminated sites as well as high throughput methods for complex microbial community studies are discussed. 相似文献
56.
Suriyanarayanan S Brahmanandhan GM Malathi J Ravi Kumar S Masilamani V Shahul Hameed P Selvasekarapandian S 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2008,99(4):766-771
A systematic study on the natural radionuclides such as 210Po and 210Pb in the environmental matrices of Point Calimere ecosystem has been undertaken to establish a baseline data on the radiation profile of Point Calimere environment. The environmental samples such as water, sediment and biota (seaweeds, crustaceans, molluscs and fish) have been subjected to analyses. It has been observed that the concentration of 210Po and 210Pb in the water samples of Point Calimere to be 0.5 mBq/l and 1.3 mBq/l, respectively. The soft tissues of the organisms accumulated higher 210Po content while shells and bones contained more 210Pb. The bivalve molluscs Meretrix casta have been identified to accumulate higher concentration of 210Po suggesting that they could serve as bio-indicator of radionuclides like 210Po in the Point Calimere ecosystem. The concentration factor of 210Po for the biotic components ranged from approximately 10(3) to 10(6) while for 210Pb it ranged from approximately 10(3) to 10(5). 相似文献
57.
Agrawal Yash Gupta Trilok Siddique Salman Sharma Ravi Kumar Panwar Narayan Lal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(29):44067-44090
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Mining and extraction of stones and minerals play a significant role in many countries economic growth in the world. The production of dolomite... 相似文献
58.
Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman Gary Owens Ravi Naidu 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2009,31(Z1):179-187
Chronic exposure to arsenic (As) causes significant human health effects, including various cancers and skin disorders. Naturally
elevated concentrations of As have been detected in the groundwater of Bangladesh. Dietary intake and drinking water are the
major routes of As exposure for humans. The objectives of this study were to measure As concentrations in rice grain collected
from households in As-affected villages of Bangladesh where groundwater is used for agricultural irrigation and to estimate
the daily intake of As consumed by the villagers from rice. The median and mean total As contents in 214 rice grain samples
were 131 and 143 μg/kg, respectively, with a range of 2–557 μg/kg (dry weight, dw). Arsenic concentrations in control rice
samples imported from Pakistan and India and on sale in Australian supermarkets were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in rice from contaminated areas. Daily dietary intake of As from rice was 56.4 μg for adults (males and females)
while the total daily intake of As from rice and from drinking water was 888.4 and 706.4 μg for adult males and adult females,
respectively. From our study, it appears that the villagers are consuming a significant amount of As from rice and drinking
water. The results suggest that the communities in the villages studied are potentially at risk of suffering from arsenic-related
diseases. 相似文献
59.
Meenakshi Arora Mallavarapu Megharaj Ravi Naidu 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2009,31(Z1):45-48
In recent years field test kits have been largely used to identify arsenic (As) levels in contaminated water sources in Bangladesh,
West Bengal (India), and elsewhere in the world to establish whether or not the water is safe. Most of the kits are based
on the reaction of arsine gas with some chemical agent to form a coloured complex; the intensity of the colour is compared
visually with a colour-coded chart or measured electronically to calculate the concentration of As in the water sample. In
this paper, a step-wise review is presented of the analytical process used in the most commonly available As field test kits
and the associated shortcomings of each of these kits. We also identify the research gaps for future work to enhance the accuracy
and reliability of test results produced by these kits. 相似文献
60.
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - The staggering production of rock dusts and quarry by-products of mining activities poses an immense environmental burden that warrants research for... 相似文献